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Red particles in urine1/10/2023 Specific gravity compares the concentration of urine to that of water (1.000). The physical examination also includes specific gravity, which measures the concentration of the urine sample. However, accurate conclusions regarding the origin of the urine clarity cannot be drawn until further chemical and microscopic tests are performed. Urine clarity, like urine color, suggests that substances may be present in the urine for example, turbid urine suggests the presence of protein or excess cellular material. The clarity of urine is measured as either clear, slightly clear, cloudy, or turbid. Light or dark coloration also suggests how much water is being excreted. Abnormal colors can result from disease, certain foods, or contamination, so the physical examination is generally viewed as a crude assessment. In this portion of the analysis, the color, clarity, and concentration of the urine are evaluated. ![]() Several analytical elements of the complete urinalysis are explained below. Before giving a urine sample, ask a medical professional to counsel you on how to prevent contamination. A urine culture is performed to assess for a bladder infection and to determine appropriate antibiotics. Urine samples can be given at any time while at the doctor’s office. Protein, urine casts (especially red blood cell casts), red blood cells, or white blood cells in the urine can indicate serious kidney involvement leukocyte esterase may indicate a bladder infection. ![]() Most people with kidney lupus (lupus nephritis) will have an abnormal urinalysis. In lupus treatment, a urinalysis is often used to monitor protein leakage and identify and assess urinary tract infections (UTIs). A complete urinalysis evaluates several different aspects of your urine through physical, chemical, and microscopic examination.
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